Part-Time Thoughts

  • 23 Feb 2009 /  AAUP, AFT, NEA, part-time faculty, teaching

    Ian Houlihan, we’ll call him “Hotlips,” just for fun, is a tenured faculty member at a Catholic University in the Northeast. In the February 23rd edition of The Chronicle of Higher Education, he writes about his “foray into adjunct life.” Where to begin?

    How about we start with the fact that he uses a pseudonym instead of his real name. I would have done so, as well, but perhaps for a different reason. Here’s what Hotlips writes about preparing for the course he is going to teach as an adjunct:

     

    “I had just received tenure at a private university, so the chance of doing something new — even if it was basically the same thing I was already doing, but in a different place — was intriguing. What’s more, teaching American government during the election sounded pretty easy. As an introductory course, it would not require much prep. ‘I’ll just go in once a week and talk about the election,’ I told a friend.”

    No wonder the AAUP is having such a tough time defending tenure outside of the Academy. Hotlips confirms every suspicion lurking in the minds of those who oppose tenure. Perhaps you’ve heard some of the same comments I’ve heard on the subject?

    Tenure encourages professors to be lazy.

    What in the Wide World of Sports do professors do all day, anyway?

    Course prep.? What’s that?

    Sure as shootin’ course prep. is not what Hotlips describes in his essay. Can you imagine the nuclear fall-out if an adjunct had written that he was just going to accept a course because he could just prance into class every week and talk about the election? Say that at your interview, and see if you get hired. Had an adjunct written that in The Chronicle of Higher Education, the comment would be taken and used as confirmation of the alleged destruction of undergraduate education by part-time faculty nation-wide. 

    I can just hear self-proclaimed contingent-faculty- spokesman-on-the-tenure-track Marc Bousquet: ”Good Gravy! Adjuncts don’t prepare adequately for their courses! I support them in not preparing for their courses, but more adjuncts need to take the lead and speak out about this.” 

    AAUP would form Committee P to study to preparedness of Part-time Professors (Bousquet would Chair Committee P after posting to InsideHigherEd that more adjuncts need to Chair such committees.). Cary Nelson would write in his next column in Academe: “AAUP supports adjuncts, but we need fewer of us. Well, them. No, us. You know who I mean! Only fast-food faculty think they…I mean us….I mean…..forget it….can waltz into a classroom and just chat about the election all semester. It’s just this kind of thing that is destroying the tenure I enjoyed for 35 years, and dragging down continuity in academic programs across the nation.”

    “We need to get back to days when three out of four faculty actually prepared for their classes,” AFT’s William Scheuerman would announce at his press conferences. “We need more full-time faculty who actually have the time to prepare for classes, meet with their students and mentor them. We’ve never conducted a study to answer the question of whether adjuncts have the time to prepare for classes, meet students and mentor them, but I’ll just throw it out there anyway.” 

    Sandra Schroeder, President of AFT-Washington, would send along a snappy email to the union’s sate-wide listserv in support of Scheuerman’s proclamation in which she blames, “Keith Hoeller’s anti-union rhetoric for all Washington state adjunct faculty who don’t prepare for their courses.” She would also blame Hoeller and other adjunct rabble rousers for, well, “everything.” Then, she’d hire Dr. Dan Jacoby to do a study.

    “We’re not demeaning the efforts of adjunct faculty,” researcher Dan Jacoby might proffer,”but not preparing adequately for one’s courses leads to a significant 1 or 2 percent drop in student retention.”

    Researcher Andrea Jaeger, after examining 30,000 sets of student transcripts would announce: “My guess is that adjuncts not preparing for courses leads to first-year student retention problems.”

    As for Hotlips, he goes on to do a credible impersonation of George Bush the First. Remember the time Bush went into a supermarket and went on and on about the scanners? He’d never seen one. Like Bush, for whom life had seldom interfered in his fantasy attic, Hotlips meets students who are “diverse,” and “not affluent.” Students who can’t afford books. He hides his “moonlighting” from everyone on his “home” campus. The process of getting hired he describes as “disordered” and “odd.” (He ended up being hired via email.) Then, from the man who tells us teaching a course on American government is as easy as 1-2-talk about the election for an entire semester, we hear the following:

    “Needless to say, the experience gave me greater respect for the adjuncts I work with at my home campus….As the percentage of courses around the country taught by adjuncts continues to rise, it would seem the processes by which they are supported, evaluated, and compensated are going to have to be revisited. If not, we are going to see a considerable shift in the nature and quality of higher education.”

    So, we should all fret about a considerable shift in the nature and quality of higher education because Hotlips was a lazy sod of an adjunct and adjuncts teach half the courses in the country? I think not. Once again, we have sweeping conclusions drawn about the impact adjuncts may have on higher education based on reasoning that can only be described as having the consistency of dryer fluff. Does anyone remember the Bowen Report? That was the report that concluded scads of tenure-line faculty would retire, and there would be oodles of new tenure-line jobs for Ph.D.s lingering sadly as burger-flippers at their local McDonalds. The Bowen Report was lauded, promulgated, commented upon, written up, and embraced by those within higher education well after it was proven to contain nothing more than, well, bad math and grossly inaccurate conclusions.

    Hotlips Houlihan’s essay is a chip off the old Bowen Report. Unfortunately, there are a lot of chips making the rounds in higher education these days.

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  • 19 Feb 2009 /  research, teaching

    Evidently, while adjuncts are busy being too busy to ever meet with their students after class, too undedicated to students and jobs to care about it, too busy destroying the fiber of undergraduate education, we’re also contributing to the destruction of the humanities, as well. According to Mark Bauerlein, a professor at Emory University, in his “Brainstorm” piece posted on The Chronicle of Higher Education’s web site, the “…best defense against funding cuts, ‘corporatization,’ ‘vocation-ization,’ adjunctization, and other anti-humanities measures is the undergraduate classroom, particularly the general-education classroom.”

    In essence, Bauerlein suggests humanities faculty stop gazing at their navels and realize that humanities is about teaching undergraduates to read and write. I have just one question: This is breaking news? Maybe to Bauerlein and his navel-gazing fellow Humanities professor pals. 

    Just whom does Bauerlein think has been teaching America’s undergraduates to read critically and write over the last 20 years? Whom does he think has been teaching American undergraduates all over the country? The Adjunctizators of course—we teach the majority of the country’s 18 million undergraduate students, and half of all the courses offered at the 4,000 colleges and universities currently up and running. In case you blinked and missed his book launch party, or passed right by his YouTube interviews, Bauerlein’s the author of  The Dumbest Generation, published in 2008. The Los Angeles Times review describes Bauerlein’s book as offering up an “…ultimate doomsday scenario — of a dull and self-absorbed new generation of citizens falling prey to demagoguery and brazen power grabs.”

    Hmm….dull and self-absorbed people falling prey to demagoguery and brazen power grabs? Sounds like a description of certain tenured and tenure-line people we might know and love (to see lose their jobs).

    So, this tenured professor writes a book in which he calls an entire generation of the students whom we teach ignorant, dull and self-absorbed, then turns around and suggests that the answer to what ails the Humanities is to put more people like himself in the undergraduate classrooms around town? This is a purely rhetorical question, because I think we both know that Mark Bauerlein isn’t into teaching introductory courses and undergraduates.

    If Americans can’t seem to understand what the hell tenured academics in the Humanities actually do, well, let me join them in their puzzlement and point to Bauerlein as a perfect example of the problem. Aside from writing his recent book, Bauerlein’s job, according to his college web page blurb, entails writing for “popular periodicals such as The Wall Street JournalThe Weekly StandardThe Washington PostTLS, and Chronicle of Higher Education.” He teaches, too. His courses are not listed on his college web page blurb. There’s no evidence that navel-gazing….er….publishing in “popular periodicals” is not Mark Bauerlein’s primary job.

    So I called his department. This semester, he’s teaching a graduate-level course titled, “The Teaching of Composition.” Last semester he taught a single class, as well: “Honors Seminar in Literary Interpretation.” So, while Bauerlein suggests that more tenured and tenure-line faculty need to get back into the undergraduate classroom and teach writing, evidently, he doesn’t need to do it himself.

    Just imagine for a moment the average American who reads that Bauerlein has taught one class each semester this year. That person might not understand how Bauerlein gets a full-time salary. Hells bells! I don’t understand how he earns six figures every year. To our neighbors, we’d have to point out that Bauerlein also writes for “popular periodicals.” That’s something the average American can get behind, right? Letters to the editor! Bauerlein gets paid to sit around and write letters to the editor, maybe some short op-ed pieces, offers up advice to his blog readers on The Chronicle’s web site, and perhaps a book review or two.

    I have a radical idea: Let’s have Mark Bauerlein explain to my neighbor who works two jobs to send her kids to college why he teaches 4 hours every week and earns three times the median income for a family of four.  Frankly, I can’t explain that to anyone. Is it because he has a Ph.D.? Is it because he publishes in “popular periodicals?” Is it because he’s a snappy dresser? How can someone who writes a book titled The Dumbest Generation, and teaches a class about teaching composition write that “…humanities professors should abandon the flattering characterization of themselves as cutting-edge thinkers, creators of new knowledge, theorists of the barricade, and the like. Instead, they should assume more modest role of training 19-year-olds to read and write, and acquainting them with literary traditions.” 

    I’ve got some news for Mark Bauerlein and his ilk: The role of training 19-year-olds to read and write is taken already by 700,000 non-tenured faculty, who are doing splendidly, thanks. There is, however, an opening for someone to explain to the American people what  Humanities professors do for a living. In plain English. Here’s a tip: it’s probably not very bright to begin by calling all of them dumb.

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  • 12 Feb 2009 /  AFT, FACE, NEA, SEIU, Uncategorized, politics, unions

    I am thinking about sending a letter to President Obama. In it, I will apply to run any bank of his choosing for $400,000 per year. Since adjuncts are used to having more than one job, I thought I might even apply to head two—maybe even three— banks. If I worked at three banks, that would mean a salary of $1.2 million per year. I’ll tell Mr. Obama to skip the driver and car for me, and that I can fly steerage class to just about anywhere on earth. As I see it, taxpayers will save hundreds of thousands of dollars every year by having me run a few banks. After all, it’s all about getting the right people into the right offices, right? 

    On February 6th, American Federation of Teachers FACE Man Craig Smith wrote in his FACE Talk blog that, “AFT Oregon has worked with legislators in the Oregon House to file a wide-ranging piece of legislation pursuing the goals set forth in our FACE Campaign. House Bill 2557 directs institutions to establish plans for improving their ratios of full-time to part-time faculty at the institutional level ….” Smith goes on to mention that, “Leading the charge is former AFT member, Representative Michael Dembrow, who is now Vice Chair of the Oregon House Education Committee.” Dembrow is able to lead the charge, because last year, he ran for an open seat on the Oregon State Legislature. Before that, he was the president of the Portland Community College faculty union.

    Was Michael Dembrow a friend to Oregon’s part-timers, I wondered? A quick trip over to the Portland Community College faculty union web site and contract answered my questions. After almost four decades of representation (the past 16 of them under Dembrow’s leadership), in 2008, the Portland Community College union negotiated health insurance coverage for the 1,200 part-time faculty (there are 600 full-timers). Well, for those part-timers who average a half-time load over three years. There’s a part-time salary “scale,” as well; ascending the scale resembles a game of Donkey Kong (for those who remember this diabolically difficult video game). To get from level 1 to level 7 entails working 2,000 contact hours (500 classes, or 125 years, at 4 courses per year), and earns that faculty member an eventual raise of about $170 per credit hour taught.

    To move up a step on the full-time faculty schedule, a member must work three years. The full-timer who tops out on the salary schedule can expect to earn an additional $30,000 per year. Is there job security for part-timers, maybe, after three decades of representation? Dream on, Teen Queen. From PCC’s contract: “A temporary appointment may be terminated at the discretion of Management without review under the terms of this Agreement.” There’s not even equality in death: full-time faculty get five days of bereavement leave and part-timers get three days.

    The PCC contract is Michael Dembrow’s legacy and it’s a legacy that oozes inequitable representation. Michael Dembrow, in short, did nothing extraordinary for the 1,200 part-time faculty whom he served all those years. I wish I could tell you how much he paid himself as President of the PCC local, but he never saw to it that his union filed the requisite financial disclosure forms with the U.S. Department of Labor.

    Prior to running for office, in March 2007, Michael Dembrow testified in front of the Oregon Legislature in support of FACE and told the legislators this:

    “Part-timers are generally not paid to be on campus other than to teach their courses, and in many cases they are off running to another job at another college or university (their combined annual teaching load often exceeds those of full-timers)….This practice has consequences. There is a growing body of literature that points to the harmful effects of over-using part-timers in your FACE packet you can find an annotated bibliography of some of them.”

    Then we have the money trail. Michael Dembrow raised $167,748 to run for the open seat he was elected to. The average open seat candidate in Oregon raises $61,876 for a candidacy. So was Michael Dembrow, first-time political candidate, a fundraising savant? Not really. About 75 percent of Dembrow’s money came from just three donors: 

    In 2008, Oregon Federation of Teachers donated $77,941 total to political candiates. ($38,441 to Dembrow, was the single largest contribution the union group made in 2008.) They contributed 22.92 percent of his money.

    In 2008, the Oregon Education Association donated $227,605 total to political candiates. The Oregon Education Associaiton was the 3rd largest overall political contributor in the state. ($27,707 to Dembrow was the third largest contribution the union group made in 2008.) They contributed 16.22 percent of his money.

    In 2008, SEIU Employees Local 503 donated $493,228  total to political candiates, making the organization the single largest political contributor in the entire state of Oregon. (SEIU donated $15,902 to Dembrow. It was the fourth largest contribution the union group made in 2008.)

    Dembrow even scored a donation from his own union. In 2008, Portland Community College Faculty Federation gave $11,000 to political candidates. (The $10,000 to Dembrow was the single largest contribution union group made in 2008). They contributed 5.96 percent of his money.

    It’s no small wonder Michael Dembrow decided to “lead the charge” for FACE in Oregon. The Oregon House Education Committee which Dembrow co-chairs, and which sponsored the current FACE legislation, is populated by six members of the House who received over $151,000 in campaign donations from faculty union groups in Oregon during 2008. 

    Call me crazy, but wouldn’t it be a more effective use of $1,000,000 to just, well, spend it on professional development for part-time faculty in Oregon? Then again, once you get used to throwing around large sums of money here, there and everywhere, it’s probably pretty tough to stop.

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  • In the February 3rd edition of The New York Times, I read that Dr. Nancy Zimpher, president of the University of Cincinnati since 2003, is heading out east to head the SUNY system. In that job, she’ll oversee some 8,000 part-time faculty employed throughout the 64-campus SUNY system. The SUNY faculty union is an AFT affiliate. In the Times piece, several sources lauded Zimpher’s financial savvy. In the six years she headed the U of C, she helped dig the institution out of a mountain of debt. Zimpher is the woman who forced out the U of C’s popular basketball coach, Bob Higgins, in 2005. She did so after declaring to a room full of reporters and television cameras that “Character counts.”

    The U of C’s AAUP chapter president Russel Durst had some kisses and hugs for President Zimpher: “She has brought in a great team and is doing her best to improve the financial situation of the university.” The AAUP represents the full-time faculty at U of C. 

    All in all, it would appear as though the SUNY board were getting a 62-year-old spitfire of a woman to lead their half a million students and 21,000 faculty—someone who can fish their collective fannies out of the huge fire that’s coming in the form of budget cuts facing the system over the course of the next year. There are, however, about 1,000 people at the University of Cincinnati who are not going to be sorry when Nancy Zimpher packs her little bags and heads off to New York. 

    On June 7, 2004, 1,000 part-time faculty sent President Zimpher a letter asking her to recognize their union, an AFT affiliate. Adjunct Advocate writer Mark Drozdowski wrote that, “U of C officials have refused to recognize the AFA’s collective efforts, because they don’t have to. Ohio stands alone as the only state that guarantees bargaining rights to full-time faculty, but not to part-timers or graduate assistants. The state’s laws do, however, give institutions ‘permissive authority’ to recognize unions and adjunct faculty, but University of Cincinnati officials haven’t taken advantage of the loophole.” Adjunct Advocate published pieces about the U of C part-timers’ union, the AFA, here and here. Nancy L. Zimpher dug the University of Cincinnati out of debt in part by having half of the courses there staffed by adjuncts, who earn $17,000 for teaching a full load ($1,700 per course).

    For the past six years, the same team praised by AAUP president Russell Durst, has stiff-armed 1,000 part-time faculty and saved tens of millions of dollars on salary and benefits by refusing to recognize the AFA’s right to bargain collectively. I can hardly wait to see what Nancy Zimpher (to whom “character counts” when it comes to other people, of course) will do to the SUNY union. I am also going to be very interested to see what the SUNY union will do to its 8,000 part-time faculty members’ bargaining priorities when President Zimpher negotiates the next union contract. Somehow, the word “screwed” comes immediately to mind, as does the phrase, “Sold down the river.” 

    SUNY part-timers should be quaking in their boots at the thought of Nancy Zimpher’s representatives sitting across from union negotiators at the table in 2011. It’s not a stretch of the imagination to think she’s going to bring to her new job the same collegiality and good will she showed toward the part-time faculty at the University of Cincinnati. Meanwhile, back on the banks of the Ohio River, in Cincinnati, AFA leaders could, possibly, find themselves across the bargaining table from a new President to whom character really does count.

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  • By nature I am somewhat competitive. Let’s just say that if your token lands on Boardwalk and I have a hotel there, you’re not getting a break in the rent, Sweetie. So don’t even ask. I think we can all agree that there are just times when competition is healthy. Salary negotiations is one of those times.

    At the University of Rhode Island, where the part-timers are affiliated with the AAUP, in November 2008 administrators broke off contract negotiations with the new Part-Time Faculty Union (PTFU). Evidently, the entire Rhode Island Board of Governors had to rush home and wash their hair or something. No word from the top bananas when their curly locks might be dry enough to resume negotiations, either. 

    Dorothy Donnelly is a full-time URI English faculty member and president of the AAUP chapter that represents the full-time tenured, tenure-line and full-time temporary faculty. According to this February 3, 2009 article about the stalled contract negotiations, she is quoted as saying, “many full-time faculty members have expressed their support for the PTFU’s bid for a contract. She said the URI Faculty Senate passed a resolution in support of the PTFU’s efforts in November.” That’s touching. You know how Faculty Senate resolutions in support of  part-time faculty warm the cockles of my heart. As an aside, I gotta wonder how many part-time faculty actually sit in the URI Faculty Senate. But I digress.

    Along with the group hugs for part-timers from full-timers and their Faculty Senate, Dorothy Donnelly pointed out the reason why URI full-timers are so supportive of the part-timers. “We’re not in competition…in terms of salary,” Donnelly said.

    We’re not? Oh, really? Dorothy Donnelly heads an AAUP affiliate that negotiated a contract that treats the tenure-line and tenured faculty to higher pay, better benefits and stronger job protections than it extends to full-time temporary lecturers. For instance, the contract pays tenure-track faculty who teach a summer session course $5,774 dollars, and pays a full-time temporary lecturer member of the bargaining unit who teaches the same course $3,214.

    According to the article, “Donnelly, who has been a URI professor for 25 years, said part-time faculty members approached her three years ago asking her to assist them in forming a union. I readily agreed,” Donnelly said. “I’ve been active in the faculty union and they knew I had the experience they needed and a commitment to make things right for the part-time faculty.” 

    There are 500 part-timers at the URI, and they earn $3,214 per course and may teach no more than two courses per semester. Donnelly is absolutely right: There’s a lot to make right for the college’s part-time faculty. The one thing she’s not right about is that the part-time faculty and full-time faculty are not competing against each other  in terms of salary negotiations. 

    Of course they are. They have to. In fact, it’s time for non-tenure track faculty to think big and fight relentlessly for every single penny they can squeeze out of administration during contract negotiations. The part-timers at URI should ask for total dollar compensation in excess of that awarded to the full-time faculty during their most recent contract negotiation. For instance, under the terms of the new contract, the Rhode Island Board of Governors is forking over yearly $7,000 raises to every full-timer. So, the part-timers need to negotiate $9,000 in raises per year plus benefits, or $12,000 per year without benefits. 

    The fact is that URI (and every other college in this country) has a single line item pile of money for instruction, and part-timers have to start making sure that they get as much of it as possible. Of course, if I headed the part-timer’s union, I wouldn’t stop until my part-time faculty members earned more than the full-timers, until they had excellent benefits and enjoyed professional development opportunities galore—in short, until the part-time faculty enjoyed the same pay and perks as the full-time faculty and then some.

    To hell with calls for part-time pay equity. For the past 35 years, we’ve been told that equity is the sine qua non in our battle for better pay and working conditions. However, has the AFT, AAUP, NEA, UAW or SEIU achieved pay equity for a single one of its affiliates that represents part-timers in the past 35 years? Nope. The “calls” for pay equity from unions where affiliates negotiate contracts that short-change part-timers in order to pay full-timers more are like Faculty Senate resolutions.

    I say, let’s dream bigger and compete ruthlessly. After all, you never get what you deserve; you get what you negotiate. Today, 70 percent of college faculty are employed off the tenure track. The time has come to start negotiating contracts for ourselves like we own the Monopoly board. Because you know what?

    We do.

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