Part-Time Thoughts

  • Before you huff and puff at me, I want to say that it the title of this piece comes from the Executive Director of the Modern Language Association, Rosemary Feal, and not me. She said it to a reporter from the New York Times who wrote a piece on December 18th about the outlook for graduates in the humanities. To paraphrase the article, perhaps those with graduate degrees in foreign languages, literatures, humanities and English would have a better chance of supporting themselves by turning to lives of crime rather than expecting to find a tenure-line job in higher education. Just please remember the old addage: “If you can’t do the time, don’t do the crime.” That being said, identity theft, pick pocketing and taking candy from babies which can later be sold for a profit on eBay should be fields that could interest future Master’s and Ph.D. holders.

    This is from the New York Times piece:

    To make matters worse, the share of tenure-track jobs available has been shrinking. Tenure-track positions for assistant professors made up 53 percent of the English jobs advertised and 48.5 percent of those in foreign languages. From 1997 until recently, the group said, 55 percent to 65 percent of the advertised positions were tenure-track jobs. And since part-time adjunct positions are less likely than those for tenure-track jobs to be listed with the language association, the overall share of faculty members being hired for tenure-track jobs is probably smaller than the survey indicates.

    Ms. Feal said the trend toward hiring adjunct faculty members rather than permanent tenure-track professors had been going for about three decades, but was more pronounced than ever, as a growing number of struggling colleges and universities hired by the course or by the semester — usually paying little, and providing no benefits.

    “Having so many contingent faculty diminishes the overall quality of teaching and learning,” she said. “The individual course might be great, but you can’t expect temporary hires to do the kind of curricular planning it takes to maintain a successful department.” 

    I have just one word for Ms. Rosemary Feal: bollocks. Of course you can expect temporary hires to do curricular planning. Why? Because first of all temporary hires already do course planning. If, in fact, departments don’t require temporary hires to do curricular planning, it’s the administrators in the department, and not the temps in the department who are then responsible for any and all issues with respect to the quality of teaching and learning in said departments. 

    However, here’s the real issue. No study to date has linked the “quality” of teaching and learning to the extensive use of adjunct faculty. Hell, no one can really agree completely on what “quality” teaching is for the heaven’s sake. The AFT started the propaganda campaign when their leaders had to think of something to say to various state legislators to pry loose the millions and millions of dollars the AFT wants to fund its boondoogle FACE. So, starting with Dr. William Scheuerman when he was still the UUP union leader, he went before the New York State legislature and started the rumor that J. Edgar Hoover was a cross-dresser, and part-time faculty were lovely people whose existence within higher education was systematically destroying undergraduate education. 

    If the New Faculty Majority group does not work to dispel this bold-faced lie, it will be a miscarriage of justice of epic proportions. However, as more and more union members move into “advisory” and leadership positions within the New Faculty Majority, such unsubstantiated and damning statements will, most likely, be printed over and over again in newspapers across the United States. The New Faculty Majority will not answer the lies, alas, with the truth about who non-tenured faculty really are.

    The good news is that, really, no one cares that contingent faculty “diminish” the overall quality of teaching and learning, because of the financial benefits associated with the exploitation of temporary faculty. There are just as many administrators quoted in just as many newspapers touting the competency of their respective colleges’ contingent faculty. The AFT, NEA, AAUP and Rosemary Feal can all shout from the highest mountain top, but colleges and universities all over this country will continue to employ large numbers of temporary faculty.

    The job market for graduates in the humanities is in the crapper. Shouldn’t Rosemary Feal be pushing for reductions in the  number of graduate students accepted into Ph.D. programs? Shouldn’t she be pushing for mandatory retirement for tenure-line faculty at age 65? There are so many reasons that the humanities job market is a disaster. For Feal to zero in on the high number of non-tenured faculty as one of the main reasons shows her biases and that the MLA’s leadership has bought into the flawed notion that overall student retention and graduation rates have fallen because of the increased reliance on non-tenured faculty. Student retention is impacted by student preparation more than anything else. 

    Rosemary Feal has had a big glass of the Kool-aid mixed up by AFT leaders to differentiate between tenured and non-tenured faculty. (Tenured faculty are good for student retention and success. Non-tenured faculty are bad for student retention and success.) It’s the plot of a cheap dime store novel. It’s not a plot I would expect the Executive Director of the Modern Language Association to play a part in, much less quote as literary brilliance.

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  • 17 Nov 2009 /  AFT, NEA, SEIU, organizing, part-time faculty, unions

    I participate in a city-wide politics email listserv in the town where I live. Recently, a woman posted a detailed message about what the group should do to reach a larger audience so as to stop preaching to the choir, as it were. The last three words of her email were classic: 

    “I’m not volunteering.”

    To me, her lack of leadership ability stood out for all to see.  

    At our house, when we want to tease each other about not taking responsibility for a task, we say with a chipper smile, “I can help with that.” Translation: “I ain’t gonna bust my chops by taking charge, but if you’ll take charge, then I can help with that. Maybe.” The “I can help with that,” syndrome is all too common. No one wants to lead anything, but if a leader—strong, true and charismatic—steps forward to lead the troops, well, there are lots of people who can “help with that.” Maybe.

    Does this hew and cry sound familiar? “Adjuncts need to have a nation-wide strike!!!” 

    How about this one?  “Adjuncts need a national union!!!” (Exclamation points are always included in these battle cries of the Adjunct Republic.)

    Both of these statements are true. What I can’t fathom, though, is from which corner of the world the Mahatma will arise to lead our nation’s 700,000 non-tenured faculty to independence and self-determination. AAUP’s Marc Bousquet, a full-time faculty member, frequently urges adjuncts in his blog to lead their own movement. Oddly, when the AAUP President appointed co-chairs of the union’s Committee on Part-time Faculty, he appointed Bousquet, who accepted the position. So not only must the Mahatma arise spontaneously, the Mahatma can’t even catch a break and get appointed a co-chair.

    Do you realize what it would take to launch a national union for adjunct faculty? Four IRS forms and a set of bylaws. The IRS has a web site, and you can get EIN (http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/article/0,,id=98350,00.html) and TIN (http://www.irs.gov/businesses/small/international/article/0,,id=96696,00.html) numbers by phone. Forming and launching a national union wouldn’t be difficult. However, at the moment, there are several hundred thousand temporary faculty moaning, wringing their hands, and muttering “I can help with that.”  When one remembers that among these part-time faculty there are hundreds if not thousands with graduate degrees in labor relations, and who teach other people about advocacy and organizing, the situation begins to resemble opera buffa. I can imagine Carlo Goldoni penning the music to the comedic opera “Adjuncts Need a National Union!!!”

    Make no mistake: the Mahatma who steps up will find himself in a cat fight with the AFT, NEA and perhaps the AAUP, but when the dust settles, the adjunct union will grow, and eventually rake in the same hundreds of millions in union dues from affiliates that the NEA, SEIU and AFT bring in each year. Such a national adjunct union will change the face of higher education, as the union’s affiliates play tug o’ war with tenure-line and tenured faculty union affiliates for more equitable division of teaching duties, money, benefits and professional development funds.

    Today’s national higher education union leaders could help adjuncts within their unions break away and form a national union. Good idea, huh? It’s not mine. In Ontario, Canada, OPSEU’s President Smokey Thomas did just that for 10,500 part-timers. He and his OPSEU members formed and financed OPSEUCAT, currently led by part-timer Roger Courvette. Union leaders at NEA, AFT and even the AAUP could easily help a group of part-timers form a national union. AFT, NEA and AAUP could even allow part-time affiliates that wished to do so to migrate to the new union.  

    I had hoped the recent formation of the New Faculty Majority was the first step toward a national union for adjuncts, and then I read that the founders did not intend the group to replace existing unions, or engage in collective bargaining. The group’s initial launch, without a name, formalized agenda or clear focus, signals a long and arduous road to be traversed before any advocacy—adjunct or otherwise—may be expected.  

    Will the Mahatma arise? Yes, but I believe the person will come from outside of higher education. The Mahatma will not be any of the usual suspects, whose published essays and blog postings we read with relish and which cause us to post comments sprinkled liberally with exclamation points. When the Mahatma comes, will the hundreds of thousands of faculty who are currently under-employed in non-tenured positions “help with that?”

    Maybe.

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  • In 1975, there were about 275,000 part-time faculty employed in the United States. Over the past 30 years, the number of faculty off the tenure-track has mushroomed to over 800,000 individuals, or about 70 percent of the total college faculty employed in the United States. Recent studies suggest that these faculty teach, on average, half of the courses offered at colleges and universities. It is a common misconception that the number of faculty on the tenure-track has stagnated. Quite the opposite is true. Over the past decade, the number of tenure-faculty has increased by over 50,000 individuals nationwide. Of course the number of faculty off the tenure-track has increased more quickly. 

    As the number of faculty off the tenure-track grew, leaders of the the three major education labor unions did little more than fiddle while Rome burned. If it weren’t so tragic, the systemic ineptitude would be comical. In 1992, the AFT represented some 45,000 part-time faculty, most of whom were in the union’s New York, California, Oregon and Washington affiliates. Today, some 17 years later, the AFT represents around 60,000 part-time faculty, most of whom teach in New York, California, Oregon, Washington and Michigan. In 17 years, while higher education saw the number of part-time faculty climb to over 500,000 individuals, the AFT organized 1,100 part-timers per year. AAUP has actually lost part-time faculty members. Today, the group reports some 3,500 part-time faculty members. A decade ago, AAUP represented almost 6,000 part-timers. AAUP recently formed a strategic alliance with AFT in order to jointly organize faculty groups on campuses. 

    On the surface, the Employee Free Choice Act could work to make campus organizing much easier. If a majority of employees signed union cards, the NLRB would be required to certify the union. There would be no need for employees to vote in a secret ballot. With respect to part-time college faculty, in states were the unionization of part-time employees was legal, such a change could lead to sweeping changes in the numbers of part-time faculty represented by collective bargaining units. To me, this is a double-edged sword simply due to the abysmal track records of the current education unions in their efforts to secure equitable pay and working conditions for part-time faculty union members over the course of the past 35 years.

    As a faculty member organized under the auspices of the Employee Free Choice Act, I could find myself represented by a national union whose leaders are hell bent for leather to reduce the numbers of part-time nation-wide. Eradication of exploited workers doesn’t count, in my book, as bettering their working conditions. Worse still, I could find myself in an agency shop. I actually taught at a school whose faculty union had negotiated agency shop dues payments. It was a waste of my money; the union leaders negotiated absolutely nothing for the part-time faculty during the years I taught at the school. Part-time faculty in unified locals all over the country routinely see their union leaders negotiate contracts that, for instance, include “equal percentage raises.” Contracts like this put the locals’ part-time faculty squarely into the category of second-class citizens. The Employee Free Choice Act could help unscrupulous union leaders simply accrete part-time faculty into existing locals, where the part-timers would pay dues for sub-standard or non-existent representation.

    As a part of my January 2009 prognostications, I wrote that “Obama will not be able to get the Employee Free Choice Act passed.” Now that several influential senators have come out against the latest incarnation of the legislation proposed in March 2009, it looks as though part-time faculty may dodge the bullet that is the application of the Employee Free Choice Act within higher education.

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  • First, President Obama announces to the world that he’s in favor of merit pay for teachers. If you listened hard enough, you could almost hear the audible gasps from Randi Weingarten, President of the American Federation of Teachers, and Dennis van Roekel, President of the National Education Association. To be fair, Ms. Weingarten has been quoted as saying she supports the idea of merit pay. She just can’t for the life of her figure out how teachers can be fairly evaluated so as to make any merit pay system work. Call me a troublemaker, but you’d think all those highly paid brainiacs at AFT and NEA who have about 1,000,000 years of collective higher education among them could figure a way to make a merit pay system work. As Weingarten was quoted as saying, “the devil is in the details.” Isn’t is always?

    So first we have the President touting merit pay. My other personal cause célèbre has been “equal percentage” pay increases for full-time and part-time faculty represented in unified locals. Obviously, unless one is incapable of doing basic math, one realizes that a 6 percent raise for a full-time faculty member who earns $80K per year with benefits is just an ever so slightly, wafer-thin, larger raise than 6 percent paid to a part-time faculty member who earns $2,000 per course without benefits. Unified local union leaders who negotiate such “equal percentage” raises for their members are robbing the part-timers to pay the full-timers.

    This morning, I read about Lewis Long, faculty association president-elect at Irvine Valley College, a unified local in Mission Viejo/Irvine, California. Long’s union just negotiated a contract for its 1,500 members. Hold on to your briefcases: the contract gives the part-time faculty larger raises, as well as larger cost of living adjustments. Read about the new contract here, in the SOCCD student newspaper, the Lariat.

    So what’s next? A part-time faculty member being appointed to Chair the AFT’s national Committee on Higher Education? A national push by the education unions for pro-rata pay and benefits for faculty off the tenure-track?

    Stay tuned.  In the meantime, three cheers for Lewis Long. Long may he reign. Well, at least long enough to close the immense pay gap between the full-time and part-time members represented by his union.

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  • 11 Mar 2009 /  AFT, NEA, pay & benefits, politics, unions

    I am floating on a cloud today. Why? Well, for about as long as I can remember, I’ve thought unions that negotiate contracts that call for pay to be based on seniority as opposed to merit are single-handedly dragging down the quality of education in our country. Whether we’re talking about the local elementary school, community college or four-year public university, where there are unions the contracts read the same: pay is calculated on the basis of seniority, and merit increases are given out equally to all. Almost equally, more often than not the full-time faculty get the merit pay, and the part-time faculty get the short end of the stick with a nice red bow wrapped around it. 

    Today, President Obama is being quoted in more news outlets than I can possible keep up with saying that he wants to see merit pay used to (hold on to your bunions) compensate teaching excellence, and to see systems put in place to get rid of poor teachers more quickly. Can you imagine? Make no mistake, the NEA and AFT will fight hard against any move away from seniority toward merit-based pay. If President Obama can actually pull this one off, however, the change will have a profound impact on k-12 education and, I would imagine, eventually work its way up into higher education, as well.

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  • 23 Feb 2009 /  AAUP, AFT, NEA, part-time faculty, teaching

    Ian Houlihan, we’ll call him “Hotlips,” just for fun, is a tenured faculty member at a Catholic University in the Northeast. In the February 23rd edition of The Chronicle of Higher Education, he writes about his “foray into adjunct life.” Where to begin?

    How about we start with the fact that he uses a pseudonym instead of his real name. I would have done so, as well, but perhaps for a different reason. Here’s what Hotlips writes about preparing for the course he is going to teach as an adjunct:

     

    “I had just received tenure at a private university, so the chance of doing something new — even if it was basically the same thing I was already doing, but in a different place — was intriguing. What’s more, teaching American government during the election sounded pretty easy. As an introductory course, it would not require much prep. ‘I’ll just go in once a week and talk about the election,’ I told a friend.”

    No wonder the AAUP is having such a tough time defending tenure outside of the Academy. Hotlips confirms every suspicion lurking in the minds of those who oppose tenure. Perhaps you’ve heard some of the same comments I’ve heard on the subject?

    Tenure encourages professors to be lazy.

    What in the Wide World of Sports do professors do all day, anyway?

    Course prep.? What’s that?

    Sure as shootin’ course prep. is not what Hotlips describes in his essay. Can you imagine the nuclear fall-out if an adjunct had written that he was just going to accept a course because he could just prance into class every week and talk about the election? Say that at your interview, and see if you get hired. Had an adjunct written that in The Chronicle of Higher Education, the comment would be taken and used as confirmation of the alleged destruction of undergraduate education by part-time faculty nation-wide. 

    I can just hear self-proclaimed contingent-faculty- spokesman-on-the-tenure-track Marc Bousquet: ”Good Gravy! Adjuncts don’t prepare adequately for their courses! I support them in not preparing for their courses, but more adjuncts need to take the lead and speak out about this.” 

    AAUP would form Committee P to study to preparedness of Part-time Professors (Bousquet would Chair Committee P after posting to InsideHigherEd that more adjuncts need to Chair such committees.). Cary Nelson would write in his next column in Academe: “AAUP supports adjuncts, but we need fewer of us. Well, them. No, us. You know who I mean! Only fast-food faculty think they…I mean us….I mean…..forget it….can waltz into a classroom and just chat about the election all semester. It’s just this kind of thing that is destroying the tenure I enjoyed for 35 years, and dragging down continuity in academic programs across the nation.”

    “We need to get back to days when three out of four faculty actually prepared for their classes,” AFT’s William Scheuerman would announce at his press conferences. “We need more full-time faculty who actually have the time to prepare for classes, meet with their students and mentor them. We’ve never conducted a study to answer the question of whether adjuncts have the time to prepare for classes, meet students and mentor them, but I’ll just throw it out there anyway.” 

    Sandra Schroeder, President of AFT-Washington, would send along a snappy email to the union’s sate-wide listserv in support of Scheuerman’s proclamation in which she blames, “Keith Hoeller’s anti-union rhetoric for all Washington state adjunct faculty who don’t prepare for their courses.” She would also blame Hoeller and other adjunct rabble rousers for, well, “everything.” Then, she’d hire Dr. Dan Jacoby to do a study.

    “We’re not demeaning the efforts of adjunct faculty,” researcher Dan Jacoby might proffer,”but not preparing adequately for one’s courses leads to a significant 1 or 2 percent drop in student retention.”

    Researcher Andrea Jaeger, after examining 30,000 sets of student transcripts would announce: “My guess is that adjuncts not preparing for courses leads to first-year student retention problems.”

    As for Hotlips, he goes on to do a credible impersonation of George Bush the First. Remember the time Bush went into a supermarket and went on and on about the scanners? He’d never seen one. Like Bush, for whom life had seldom interfered in his fantasy attic, Hotlips meets students who are “diverse,” and “not affluent.” Students who can’t afford books. He hides his “moonlighting” from everyone on his “home” campus. The process of getting hired he describes as “disordered” and “odd.” (He ended up being hired via email.) Then, from the man who tells us teaching a course on American government is as easy as 1-2-talk about the election for an entire semester, we hear the following:

    “Needless to say, the experience gave me greater respect for the adjuncts I work with at my home campus….As the percentage of courses around the country taught by adjuncts continues to rise, it would seem the processes by which they are supported, evaluated, and compensated are going to have to be revisited. If not, we are going to see a considerable shift in the nature and quality of higher education.”

    So, we should all fret about a considerable shift in the nature and quality of higher education because Hotlips was a lazy sod of an adjunct and adjuncts teach half the courses in the country? I think not. Once again, we have sweeping conclusions drawn about the impact adjuncts may have on higher education based on reasoning that can only be described as having the consistency of dryer fluff. Does anyone remember the Bowen Report? That was the report that concluded scads of tenure-line faculty would retire, and there would be oodles of new tenure-line jobs for Ph.D.s lingering sadly as burger-flippers at their local McDonalds. The Bowen Report was lauded, promulgated, commented upon, written up, and embraced by those within higher education well after it was proven to contain nothing more than, well, bad math and grossly inaccurate conclusions.

    Hotlips Houlihan’s essay is a chip off the old Bowen Report. Unfortunately, there are a lot of chips making the rounds in higher education these days.

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  • 12 Feb 2009 /  AFT, FACE, NEA, SEIU, Uncategorized, politics, unions

    I am thinking about sending a letter to President Obama. In it, I will apply to run any bank of his choosing for $400,000 per year. Since adjuncts are used to having more than one job, I thought I might even apply to head two—maybe even three— banks. If I worked at three banks, that would mean a salary of $1.2 million per year. I’ll tell Mr. Obama to skip the driver and car for me, and that I can fly steerage class to just about anywhere on earth. As I see it, taxpayers will save hundreds of thousands of dollars every year by having me run a few banks. After all, it’s all about getting the right people into the right offices, right? 

    On February 6th, American Federation of Teachers FACE Man Craig Smith wrote in his FACE Talk blog that, “AFT Oregon has worked with legislators in the Oregon House to file a wide-ranging piece of legislation pursuing the goals set forth in our FACE Campaign. House Bill 2557 directs institutions to establish plans for improving their ratios of full-time to part-time faculty at the institutional level ….” Smith goes on to mention that, “Leading the charge is former AFT member, Representative Michael Dembrow, who is now Vice Chair of the Oregon House Education Committee.” Dembrow is able to lead the charge, because last year, he ran for an open seat on the Oregon State Legislature. Before that, he was the president of the Portland Community College faculty union.

    Was Michael Dembrow a friend to Oregon’s part-timers, I wondered? A quick trip over to the Portland Community College faculty union web site and contract answered my questions. After almost four decades of representation (the past 16 of them under Dembrow’s leadership), in 2008, the Portland Community College union negotiated health insurance coverage for the 1,200 part-time faculty (there are 600 full-timers). Well, for those part-timers who average a half-time load over three years. There’s a part-time salary “scale,” as well; ascending the scale resembles a game of Donkey Kong (for those who remember this diabolically difficult video game). To get from level 1 to level 7 entails working 2,000 contact hours (500 classes, or 125 years, at 4 courses per year), and earns that faculty member an eventual raise of about $170 per credit hour taught.

    To move up a step on the full-time faculty schedule, a member must work three years. The full-timer who tops out on the salary schedule can expect to earn an additional $30,000 per year. Is there job security for part-timers, maybe, after three decades of representation? Dream on, Teen Queen. From PCC’s contract: “A temporary appointment may be terminated at the discretion of Management without review under the terms of this Agreement.” There’s not even equality in death: full-time faculty get five days of bereavement leave and part-timers get three days.

    The PCC contract is Michael Dembrow’s legacy and it’s a legacy that oozes inequitable representation. Michael Dembrow, in short, did nothing extraordinary for the 1,200 part-time faculty whom he served all those years. I wish I could tell you how much he paid himself as President of the PCC local, but he never saw to it that his union filed the requisite financial disclosure forms with the U.S. Department of Labor.

    Prior to running for office, in March 2007, Michael Dembrow testified in front of the Oregon Legislature in support of FACE and told the legislators this:

    “Part-timers are generally not paid to be on campus other than to teach their courses, and in many cases they are off running to another job at another college or university (their combined annual teaching load often exceeds those of full-timers)….This practice has consequences. There is a growing body of literature that points to the harmful effects of over-using part-timers in your FACE packet you can find an annotated bibliography of some of them.”

    Then we have the money trail. Michael Dembrow raised $167,748 to run for the open seat he was elected to. The average open seat candidate in Oregon raises $61,876 for a candidacy. So was Michael Dembrow, first-time political candidate, a fundraising savant? Not really. About 75 percent of Dembrow’s money came from just three donors: 

    In 2008, Oregon Federation of Teachers donated $77,941 total to political candiates. ($38,441 to Dembrow, was the single largest contribution the union group made in 2008.) They contributed 22.92 percent of his money.

    In 2008, the Oregon Education Association donated $227,605 total to political candiates. The Oregon Education Associaiton was the 3rd largest overall political contributor in the state. ($27,707 to Dembrow was the third largest contribution the union group made in 2008.) They contributed 16.22 percent of his money.

    In 2008, SEIU Employees Local 503 donated $493,228  total to political candiates, making the organization the single largest political contributor in the entire state of Oregon. (SEIU donated $15,902 to Dembrow. It was the fourth largest contribution the union group made in 2008.)

    Dembrow even scored a donation from his own union. In 2008, Portland Community College Faculty Federation gave $11,000 to political candidates. (The $10,000 to Dembrow was the single largest contribution union group made in 2008). They contributed 5.96 percent of his money.

    It’s no small wonder Michael Dembrow decided to “lead the charge” for FACE in Oregon. The Oregon House Education Committee which Dembrow co-chairs, and which sponsored the current FACE legislation, is populated by six members of the House who received over $151,000 in campaign donations from faculty union groups in Oregon during 2008. 

    Call me crazy, but wouldn’t it be a more effective use of $1,000,000 to just, well, spend it on professional development for part-time faculty in Oregon? Then again, once you get used to throwing around large sums of money here, there and everywhere, it’s probably pretty tough to stop.

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  • By nature I am somewhat competitive. Let’s just say that if your token lands on Boardwalk and I have a hotel there, you’re not getting a break in the rent, Sweetie. So don’t even ask. I think we can all agree that there are just times when competition is healthy. Salary negotiations is one of those times.

    At the University of Rhode Island, where the part-timers are affiliated with the AAUP, in November 2008 administrators broke off contract negotiations with the new Part-Time Faculty Union (PTFU). Evidently, the entire Rhode Island Board of Governors had to rush home and wash their hair or something. No word from the top bananas when their curly locks might be dry enough to resume negotiations, either. 

    Dorothy Donnelly is a full-time URI English faculty member and president of the AAUP chapter that represents the full-time tenured, tenure-line and full-time temporary faculty. According to this February 3, 2009 article about the stalled contract negotiations, she is quoted as saying, “many full-time faculty members have expressed their support for the PTFU’s bid for a contract. She said the URI Faculty Senate passed a resolution in support of the PTFU’s efforts in November.” That’s touching. You know how Faculty Senate resolutions in support of  part-time faculty warm the cockles of my heart. As an aside, I gotta wonder how many part-time faculty actually sit in the URI Faculty Senate. But I digress.

    Along with the group hugs for part-timers from full-timers and their Faculty Senate, Dorothy Donnelly pointed out the reason why URI full-timers are so supportive of the part-timers. “We’re not in competition…in terms of salary,” Donnelly said.

    We’re not? Oh, really? Dorothy Donnelly heads an AAUP affiliate that negotiated a contract that treats the tenure-line and tenured faculty to higher pay, better benefits and stronger job protections than it extends to full-time temporary lecturers. For instance, the contract pays tenure-track faculty who teach a summer session course $5,774 dollars, and pays a full-time temporary lecturer member of the bargaining unit who teaches the same course $3,214.

    According to the article, “Donnelly, who has been a URI professor for 25 years, said part-time faculty members approached her three years ago asking her to assist them in forming a union. I readily agreed,” Donnelly said. “I’ve been active in the faculty union and they knew I had the experience they needed and a commitment to make things right for the part-time faculty.” 

    There are 500 part-timers at the URI, and they earn $3,214 per course and may teach no more than two courses per semester. Donnelly is absolutely right: There’s a lot to make right for the college’s part-time faculty. The one thing she’s not right about is that the part-time faculty and full-time faculty are not competing against each other  in terms of salary negotiations. 

    Of course they are. They have to. In fact, it’s time for non-tenure track faculty to think big and fight relentlessly for every single penny they can squeeze out of administration during contract negotiations. The part-timers at URI should ask for total dollar compensation in excess of that awarded to the full-time faculty during their most recent contract negotiation. For instance, under the terms of the new contract, the Rhode Island Board of Governors is forking over yearly $7,000 raises to every full-timer. So, the part-timers need to negotiate $9,000 in raises per year plus benefits, or $12,000 per year without benefits. 

    The fact is that URI (and every other college in this country) has a single line item pile of money for instruction, and part-timers have to start making sure that they get as much of it as possible. Of course, if I headed the part-timer’s union, I wouldn’t stop until my part-time faculty members earned more than the full-timers, until they had excellent benefits and enjoyed professional development opportunities galore—in short, until the part-time faculty enjoyed the same pay and perks as the full-time faculty and then some.

    To hell with calls for part-time pay equity. For the past 35 years, we’ve been told that equity is the sine qua non in our battle for better pay and working conditions. However, has the AFT, AAUP, NEA, UAW or SEIU achieved pay equity for a single one of its affiliates that represents part-timers in the past 35 years? Nope. The “calls” for pay equity from unions where affiliates negotiate contracts that short-change part-timers in order to pay full-timers more are like Faculty Senate resolutions.

    I say, let’s dream bigger and compete ruthlessly. After all, you never get what you deserve; you get what you negotiate. Today, 70 percent of college faculty are employed off the tenure track. The time has come to start negotiating contracts for ourselves like we own the Monopoly board. Because you know what?

    We do.

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  • 27 Jan 2009 /  AAUP, AFT, NEA, organizing, part-time faculty, unions

    Surf the net to the web pages of part-time faculty unions affiliated with any of the Big Three labor unions and look at the posted budgets. Hell, surf on over to the AFT, NEA and AAUP national office web pages for a look at the budgets of the national offices. I’ll stop smirking now and tell you that finding the budget of most part-time faculty education unions in this great country of ours will take, at minimum, a phone call to the union’s office. Posting such materials online, where anyone could, well, see them just isn’t the way things are done.

    Until now. Right there, bold as brass and twice as easy to download and read in PDF format, is the budget of Wayne State University’s Union of Part-Time Faculty. The 1,000 member AFT affiliate, led by part-timer Susan Titus, defines fiscal transparency for every other education union affiliate in the country that doesn’t post its budget online. Adjunct Advocate profiled Titus here

    Soooooooooo…..why the overall reticence on the part of affiliates to share budget information readily? After all, it was NEA President Reg Weaver in a Press Release who said, “NEA and its affiliates are among the most open and democratically run organizations in the country. We keep our members fully informed about our programs, budgets, and policies.”

    That’s nice. However, there are different levels of “keeping people informed,” and Reg Weaver’s NEA sued the United States Department of Labor on behalf of 33 state affiliates to keep from having to show the Full Financial Monty to members (and anyone else who could find the group’s LM-2 financial disclosures on the DOL web site). The NEA affiliate leaders and NEA officials objected to a finding by the Department of Labor that the 33 NEA affiliates were governed by the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959. The Act requires labor organizations to file detailed financial reports on income and expenses. NEA officials claimed that  the Labor Department’s ruling was “unfair” and was “motivated by an ill-will toward unions in general, and NEA and its affiliates in particular.” 

    As I have written before, the LM-2 reports of the AFT, NEA and AAUP national offices make for some riveting reading. So does the budget of the fledgling Wayne State University Part-Time Faculty Union. A look at the “Budget Summary,” and one sees the largest line item expense is for “Dues.” Out of a total $167,000 2008-2009 budget, the part-timers are paying over $78,000 per year in per capita “dues,” to AFT-Michigan, the AFT national office, the Michigan AFL-CIO and Detroit AFL-CIO. WSU union leaders point out in the “Budget Narrative,” that the AFT paid for the union’s certification campaign and has paid the union’s “bills,” for the past 18 months.

    A look at the AFT’s LM-2 disclosures over the period during which Wayne State University’s part-timers were organized reveals the yearly salary of the AFT organizer who worked part-time on the Wayne State campaign, as well as the other expenses AFT incurred while organizing the 1,000 part-timers. The part-timers at Wayne State University will repay AFT for those expenses in less than three years. After that, the $78,000 per year in “dues” that will go to AFT and the AFL-CIO on the state and national levels will be gravy for the AFT to do with what it pleases.

    It is no small wonder, then, that national union leaders have been quoted as saying part-time faculty are simply incapable of creating a new national union to represent themselves. Using the Wayne State budget as a model, a national Adjunct Faculty Union United, with 20,000 members would generate, perhaps, close to $2 million in “dues” each year. There are, currently, 700,000 faculty off the tenure track. AFT represents 60,000 of them, AAUP 3,500 and the NEA 15,000 part-time faculty members. And what if a national part-timers’ union grabbed for their members a significantly larger piece of the faculty compensation pie nation-wide? The revenue potential for such a union increases exponentially. 

    In the meantime, a tip o’ the cap goes out to Susan Titus and her union colleagues at Wayne State University for doing voluntarily what it took a ruling by a U.S. District Court to get the president of the NEA to do (grumbling to the Press all the way). In Titus’s budget, there is $45,000 for staff, $165 for bank fees and $250 for bookkeeping.

    Most will read that financial information, shrug and say, “Who gives a rat’s bahookie?” Think about this: Over the past 8 years, the NEA and AFT national offices have taken in and spent close to $1 billion dollars on overhead and staff salaries. They’ve spent nowhere near that much organizing new affiliates, such as the one at Wayne State. Reading the budgets allows us all to see right past the protestations and glad-handing of national union leaders who profess their love for the part-timers, and their desire to “help.” Exploited adjuncts need neither adoration nor promises of support. They need to be organized and bargain aggressively for salary increases.

    As for Susan Titus, all it takes it a quick look at her organization’s finances to see that she’s walking the walk and talking the talk.

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  • NYSUT, an AFT/NEA affiliate, organized the 1,000 part-time faculty at Pace University in 2004. I wrote about Pace’s adjunct faculty union and its trials and tribulations here. The bottom line is that it took almost five years between when the union was certified and when the negotiating team hammered out its first contract. Unionists have dubbed Pace as the “Employees Free Choice Act” poster child. Form a union, ladies and gentlemen, and what happened at Pace could happen to you. Well, kinda. Yes, the administrators at Pace bargained with less good faith than anyone ever imagined humanly possible. They filed lawsuits challenging everything except the union president’s shoe size. When the union won certification, the administrators then dragged the contract negotiations on and on and on and on and on….Wash. Posture. Rinse. Repeat.

    Ok. There are about 1,000 adjuncts at Pace. Out of that 1,000, 473 cast votes in the union election. Of the 473 who voted, 308 voted for the union and 165 voted against it. The union won the right to represent the adjuncts by getting 30 percent of the members to vote for union representation. John Pawlowski, president of the union, sent a message to the membership in October of 2008 that read, in part, “Four and a half years ago an overwhelming majority of Pace adjunct faculty voted in favor of unionization….” I’m sorry, but 30 percent of the membership is not an overwhelming majority by any means. Pawlowski went on to write, “The UAFP Executive Council and the Bargaining Team believe this contract will make important inroads toward addressing many of the concerns that led us to form a union in the first place.”

    The result after four years of waiting was a contract that offers adjuncts between $2,500-$2,800 per course. Up from $2,400 per course prior to the union’s certification. That’s a raise just about big enough to cover the union dues. How nice. For NYSUT. The union will recoup the money it spent organizing Pace’s adjuncts within 3 years. The adjuncts will get raises of 2 percent per year.

    The system in our country whereby education unions organize part-time college faculty in order to help them win better pay and benefits is completely kaput. At the moment, it pays more to work for an education union, than to affiliate with one as a part-time faculty member. 

    At York University, in Canada, lecturer Lyyke de la Cour earns $14,000 per course and may teach up to 5.5 course per year. As always, I’ll let the adjuncts teaching Intro. to Math figure out her yearly salary. So what gives, you ask? Why is Lyyke de la Cour earning 6 times more than John Pawlowski’s pals at Pace? Well, at the moment, Lyyke de la Cour is doing something the adjuncts at Pace never did. She’s on strike. De la Cour has been on strike since November 6th, along with her 900 part-time faculty colleagues.

    John Pawlowski’s comment concerning the “overwhelming majority” of support from adjunct faculty at Pace is an important clue as to why Lyyke de la cour is earning $14,000 per course, and Pawlowski’s earning $2,800. He doesn’t have an overwhelming majority of support. He never had it. The union was formed without it, and in four years neither organizers from NYSUT, not faculty leaders from Pace were able to bring together the part-timers at Pace under a banner of union solidarity strong enough to organize a strike (illegal or legal) or a slowdown. NYSUT and AFT let the Pace affiliate twist in the wind, and twist the affiliate did, a pathetic weakling unable, in the end, to negotiate terms of a contract significantly better than the terms of employment under which the faculty had been working before NYSUT rode into town. 

    CUPE, the education labor union in Canada, is fighting hard on behalf of its members at York University. The current strike is about power more than it is about money. You see, the contracts of every single faculty group represented by CUPE in Ontario expire in 2010. CUPE wants a two-year contract for its members at York, and administrators there want an agreement that expires in 2011. CUPE’s plan is to negotiate, en masse, for all of its faculty members in Ontario when their labor agreements expire in 2010. CUPE, you see, wants to be able to shut down York University in 2010, if necessary. Imagine the American Federation of Teachers negotiating contracts for all of the part-time faculty in New York State affiliates at the same time. No contract. No classes. Higher education in the state would be paralyzed. The power of the part-time faculty to negotiate would be increased exponentially. The AFT and NYSUT have other fish to fry, however. Political fish.

    NYSUT contributes $1 million dollars each month to the AFT national office’s Committee on Political Education (COPE) campaign. The AFT national office, in turn, donates between $15 million and $18 million dollars each year to political candidates in order to further the organization’s legislative agenda. State affiliates, such as NYSUT, manage their own COPE programs and political donations, as well. I’ve written about NYSUT’s political clout here.

    The difference, then, between CUPE, NYSUT and AFT should be obvious at this point. CUPE is looking after the best interests of all of its faculty members with equal diligence and vigor. Striking part-time faculty within CUPE are supported financially by not only the national union, but by CUPE affiliates throughout the province of Ontario and throughout Canada. For instance, when part-timers at Wilfred Laurier University part-timers went on strike in March 2008, their buds from PEI and Newfoundland came 700 miles to march with them, and with a $1 million dollar check for the strike defense fund. I wrote about it here

    Maybe the answer is that John Pawlowski and his union brothers and sisters deserve $2,800 per course until they get a collective spine? That’s one answer. A better one, perhaps, is that the education unions be exempted from the Employees Free Choice Act. Sound harsh?

    Well, here’s a newsflash Lois Lane: In 35 years, our nation’s higher education unions have, by hook and crook, by doling out so-called “equal percentage raises,” and giving state money for part-time faculty equity pay to full-time faculty (in California and Washington State), by doggedly increasing pay and benefits to their full-time faculty members at the expense of their part-time faculty members, have instituted a two-tier system of representation. The AFT, NEA and AAUP have gorged themselves on, literally, billions of dollars in dues revenue in the past decade. 

    Now, answer honestly: Are part-time faculty within higher education, as a group, better off today than a decade ago? Hell, in Washington State, it will be at least another 30 years before part-time faculty there represented by the AFT-Washington and NEA-Washington, earn per course pay equal to that of their full-time faculty union brothers and sisters. Their total salaries, of course, will never come close to parity. In Oregon, the AFT affiliate at Portland State has won pay raises for members, but they pale in comparison to the raises awarded the full-time faculty. In California, part-time faculty have sued to get out of their AFT affiliated unions because the full-time faculty-controlled local leaders ignored the interests of the part-time members.

    So, ask me about the Employees Free Choice Act for the higher education unions when John Pawlowski earns $14,000 per course, and the 8,000 part-timers in PSC-CUNY have pro-rata pay and benefits. In the meantime, here’s to hoping that CUPE and Lyyke de la Cour prevail at York University.

     

     

     

     

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