by Henry Rodgers

Lettori Litigation in Europe

European Court of Justice (ECJ)

: Based in Luxembourg, the ECJ is the pinnacle institution of the European Union with supremacy over all the courts of the member states. It has 25 judges–one per member state. Normally the Court sits in chambers of three or five judges, with the Grand Chamber presiding in particularly important cases or at the request of a defendant member state.

References for Preliminary Rulings

: These are essentially questions sent by local courts of the member states to the ECJ on the compatibility of national law with EU law. Both the Allué cases come under this heading. Rulings on these questions and on infringement cases form the bulk of the workload of the ECJ.

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